Printing telegraphy.



No. 890,911. PATENTED JUNE 16, 1908.

' I. KITSEE.

PRINTING TELEGRAPHY. APPLICATION 21mm nm'm, 191:5.

No. 890,911. PATENTED JUNE 16, 1908. I. KITSEE.

PRINTING TBLEGRAPHY.

APPLICATION FILED DE 0 19 1905 3SHEETSSHEET 2 PATENTED JUNE 16, 1908. I.KITSEB.

PRINTING:v TELEGRAPHY.

APPLICATION FILED DEG.19. 1

I 905 3 SHEETSSHEET 3 W Wm specification.

. that advanta To all whom it ma concern:

ISIDOR KITSEE, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENN SYLVANZIA PRINTING TELEGRAPHX.

I No. 890,911.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented :a;ei1 11158;

Application filed December 19, 1905. Serial No. 292,520,

Be it-known that I, Ismon KITsn-E, a citizen of the United States,residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia. and State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inPrint,- ing Telegraphy, of which the/following is a My inventlon relatesto an improvement in printing telegraphy. Its object is, to rint the.required characters with the aid im ulses ,sent over lines withcomparative arge ca acity', such for instanceas submarinecab es. Inorganizing a system for such lines, it has to be taken mto consideratione cannot be taken of the dif-' ferent strengths 10f current nor of thedifferentlengths of the impulse,-for the reason that a large increase ofstren' th is out of the and as such line's are usually'provided withquestion on such lines as su marine cables,

condensers and act in themselves as large condenser's, an-impulseimpressed upon the .line'no matter for how long a time, will alwaysactuate thereceiving instrument in a manner as'if this impulse wouldhave been of short duration, for the reason that the condenser oncefilled w' be a,bar against the further how of the same polarity. It hasalso to be taken into consideration, that .to successfully work over acable with comparative great speed; true reversals should-always beimpressed upon the line, that is, an

- impulse of one polarity shall always succeed an impulse of o positepolarity. When, therefore, neither t e length of the impulse nor thestrength of said im ulse nor the polarity of same can be change so as todifierentiate vice the armature of which rests always' between thedifferent sequence of impulses necessary for each character, the onlyavailable means are to differentiate by the greater or lesser time-unitelapsing between one impulse and the second impulse and I have in thearran ement availed myself of 1 this method'as ater to be described. Insuch a system, it is advisable to'have as a receiving instrument asocalled polarized relay, adeagainst one or the other of the stops andremains" there till an impulse, opposite from the 1 lastimpulse,'compels the armature to leave itsrestmg place and move towardsthe op osite stop. With such a device, it is poss1 le sired length oftime, even with an impulse of very shortest duration and I avail my-Self of this device to produce re'sults outlinedherewith.

Referring to-thedrawings: Figure 1 is a diagrammatical view of theentire receivin portlon of my improved printing telegrap machine; Fig. 2an end elevation of't'he trans mitter;F1gI 3 a side elevation of theplaten, type bar and means for operating bar"; Fig. 4 a diagram showingthe alpha at and the manner in which the different im pulses are sent inorder that the proper magthe type- V nets may be energized in thereceiving mechv anism to select the predetermined character.

In these drawings A represents the cable, it being understood that thereturn of this cable is the ground, but, of course, an allmetalliccircuit is not excluded. The impulses sent over this cable arealternately positive and negative.

B is the armature of a suitable receiving instrument, caused to travelin one direction under a positive impulse and in the opposite directionunder a negative impulse.

B" and B are two contacts adapted to be contacted bythe armature as itmoves backward and forward, both of said contacts are connected with oneterminal of a magnet C, the other terminal of said magnet beingconnected to the armature B, in this circuit is included the battery C,thus each time the armature 1B is oscillated, the circuit is opened andclosed, and this movement will actuate an armature lever C in onedirection by" the magnet C and in the. o posite direction by a s ring,as shown. l ach time this circuit is c osed, the-lever C is ctuated andwill operate upon a toothed-W112i D and move said wheel a distancerepresented by the distance between two teeth; this toothed wheelcarries acontact point D. In reality this wheel needs ,to beprovidedonly with five teeth, because in this my arrangement,

each character will be formed through four impulses, but in the drawingI have illustrated. this, wheel as to be provided with twenty teeth andfour contact points., one contactpoint for each five teeth, for thereason that, mechanically considered, a large wheel whichmakes .lessrevolutions stands Wear andtear'better than a smaller,

one-With increased speed I As stated, for each character to be rinted,Iimpress uponthe line four1 imp ses' and differentiate these impulses:by the; time elapsing between the impression upon the line of twoimpulses. Normally thesarmarotate the Wheel D another point and bringthecontact point D underneath and in corn tact with the strip 2; this willestablish a circuit through the magnet E of the second step-by-stepmovement. Then the next impulse in the same manner will bring the con---tact point D in contact with the strip3, and

this will establish a circuit through. the magnet E of the thirdstep-by-step movement.

Each of the magnets E, E and E are provided withflarmatures which arecaused to moveat a predetermined speed, and these armatures are securedto a pawl adapted to operate the ratchet-wheels E and as these pawlswill move a given number of times during a certain space of time, thedistance the.

wheel E will be rotated will depend upon the length of time between theimpulses. These wheels 4 are rotated against the actions of springs Epawls N holding the wheel E against retrograde movement. Each wheel E isprovided with a contact point E".

'As stated before, the difference in time between the four impulsesimpressed upon the line for each character determines which magnetsshall be energized, and therefore what character shall be selected-to beprinted. There are three different variations that are made in the timebetween the im ulses, and the shortest space of time will, 0 course, be,the unit, therefore if the space of time between the first and secondimpulse is represented by one unit of time, the circuit through themagnet E and battery F will only be established long enough so that thewheel E will move a sufiicient distance to bring the contact point Einto contact with the strip 1, then the next movement of the wheel Dbrings the contact D in. contact with the strip 2, and will establish acircuit through the ma net-E, and'if the space of time bev tween t 1esecond and third impulse is equal say to two units of'time then thewheel E of .the second step-by-step movement will be rotated asufficient distance to bring the contact point E in contact with thestrip 2, and

then upon the next orthird impulse the con-' tact point D will be incontact with the strip 3, and therefore the circuit will then be madethrough the magnet E of the third step-bystep movement, and if the spaceof time between the third and fourth-impulse is equal to three unitsthen the wheel E of this third step-bg-step movement will berevolved' asufficient distance to bringits contact point in contactwith the strip3. Thus it will be seen that it depends upon the space of time betweenthe first and second, second and third, and third and fourth impulse todetermine which one of the three strips of each step-by-step movementwill be brought into contact with the contact points E.

It will be seen by Fig. 1, that the contact strip 1" of the firststep-by-step movement is connected to the magnet 7, the second strip ofthis same movement being connected to magnet 8, and the third strip ofthis same movement connected to magnet 9. The first strip 1 of thesecond step-by-step movement is connected to magnets 10 of the secondseries of magnets, the strip 2 of the second move-- ment is connected tomagnets 11 of the sec ond. series, and strip 3 of the second movement isconnected to magnets 12 of the second series. The strip 1 of the thirdmove ment is connected to magnets 13 of the third series, strip 2 of thethird movement is connected to the magnet 14 of the third series, andstrip3 of the third movement is con.- nected to magnet 15 of the thirdseries. The other terminal of each of the magnets 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12,13, 14 and 15 are connected to a return wire which extends to the strip4 of the wheel D, and as the contact point D of the wheel D is connectedto one terminal of the battery F, and as the other terminal of thebattery F is connected to all of the contact points E of the Wheels Ewhen the contact point D comes underneath the strip 4 on the fourthimpulse a circuit will be established through whatever magnets areconnected iii-the circuit by reason of the contact. points E beingunderneath one of the three strips 1.,2 or 3 of the differentstep-by-step movements.

The first series of magnets consists of three magnets, each one of thethree magnets be ing connected to aseparate strip of the firststep-by-step movement; the second series of magnets consists of nine andare divided into three roups of three each,'all of the magnets of eadhgroup being connected to different strips of the s'ecoridstep-by-stepmovement;

the third series of magnets consists of twentyseven divided into threegrou s-of nine magnets each and. the magnets 0 each group are connectedto the three diiferent strips of the three step-by-ste,p movements, thusit will be seen that if the contact point E stops underneath the firststrip of the first movement, under the second strip of the secondmovement, under the third strip of the third movement, then when thecircuit is established on the fourth impulse the magnet 7 of the firstseries will be energized, magnets 11 of the second series energized, andma nets 15 of the thi id series energized. Each 0 the magnets from 7 to15, inclusive, are provided with armatures F, F and F, which arenormally held. away from the magnets by sprin s or other means, butwhen. attracted towar the" magnets are adapted to come in contact withcontact points, which in the first series-are G, G an G, in the secondseries are lettered H to H inclusive. Thecontact pointG which is;adapted to be contacted by the armature of the magnet 7 is electricallyconnected to' the armature of one ma net; in

- each of the three groupsin the secon series,

" and the contact point G is also connected to one magnet of each of thethree groups of the second series, as is also the contact point G Thecontact points Hto H of the second series-are each connected to thearr'natures-of three magnets of the third series, each con- ;tactpoi'ntbeing connected to the armature that is, each. second series. beingconnected to the armatures of three of onemagnet of each group, oneof'the contact points of t e magnets lettered 13, 14 and 15, andeach oneof the contact points. of the three series is 'e'lectricall connected tobne terminal of magnets which serveto operate the typethe other terminalof said magnets K .connected to the return wire, which return. wireextends to one terminal of aTbattery K the other terminal of saidbattery being electrically connected with the arma ets 7, 8 and 9. Thusit mentswere so actuated that the magnets 7, 11 and 15 were energized,then the current would flow from one terminal of the battery K 'throughthe armature of magnet 7 to con- .tactpoint G, through the armatureofrnagnet 11 to contact point H, through the ar-' mature of magnet 15 ofthe. third series tothe return wire, and thus the letter F will beprinted and no other. This circuit in which the battery Kis located isnormally broken,

andis only closed when the contact oint D is upon strip 4 as the magnetJ is inc uded' in the circuit in which are also included the ready forthe next four impulses, representing magnets 7 to 15, inclusive, andwhen the magnet J is-ener ized it, will attract an armature J which wilmake contact with the contact oint J thus establishing a circuitfrom theattery K Included in the circuit of thebattery. K are also the magnets Nand L, thus simultaneously with theprintin'g oi the character described,magnets- N and I v will. be energized, the magnets N attracting v towardthem the armatureawls N, releasing the ratchet-wheels allowing the Y 3rings E to return these ratchet-wheels to t eir normal position, andtheinagnet L'will attract the armature pawl N-toward itself, and thisarmature pawl will revolve the wheel. D still another point, brin ingthe con tact ointD' out of contactwith all of the circuits, and theparts will %)6 returned to'their normal positions brea then all the nextcharacter. i v r I In Fig. 4, I have shown a diagram which illustrateshow the different units of time em- 'wheel' the strip-4, .gr

ployed between each impulse can be made to select any one of the twe11tyseven charac M tersi It is to be rememberedthat the difien ent spaces oftime between the. first and second impulse will determine whiclistrip ofthe first step-by-step movement the contact point is to'conta'ct, the.space of'time between the second and third" im"pulse-will determinewhich strip of th seec'na step-by step movement the contact point is tocome incontact with, and the space of time between the third and fourthimpulse will determine which of the threestri s of the third ste-by-step movement is to e contacted, an by. the arrangement of theelectricalconnections' between the armatures of the magnets itwill beeasily seen how the different characters .are'se'lected. I

Any suitable means can be utilized for transmitting. the message, theonly stipulation being that said means shall send four impulses and theproper intervals of time shall 'elapsebetween each impulse, according tothe key that is operated. There are numerousways in which this can beaccomlished, one of which is shownin'Fi 2 of the naming, in which 0consists of a 1'0 er which is adapted to be rotated at. an even rate ofspeed through gearing O by .a suitable motor P. f 1

P is a one-toothed ratchet-wheel located upon the shaft of one ofythewheels of the motor orupon the shaft of the roller fi'if -de' sired; themotor is normally held stationary by a pewl Q, which engages thisratchet- R is a key representing one of the characters, this key eingsecured to alever R, When one of the keys is de ressed, thelever towhich said key is secure will strike'a bar. It raisinigra plunger Rwhich will removethe pawl Cg? om engagement with the ratchetwheel andthe motor will. startand re.-

volve the roller 0; after the roller- 0 and its periphery twenty-sevensets 0 contact I points, each set consistingyof four contact pointslettered S,. S, S and S the first and third contacts, or those letteredS" and S of each set isconnected electrically with the positiveter'minalofa'battery U, and the second and fourth contacts of eachset ,are

electricallv connected with the negative ter= minalor attery-U, theother. terminals of both of these batteries being connected'to. the

nected' to; the battery through the agency. of

ringsS and S" and brushes-T and a Vis a pivoted contact leverior brush;4V5? is a spring which tends: to. ress 'saidcontact ound. These contactpoints S are conlever toward the roller 0 2 is a one-toothed ratchetdisk secured to the letter V, and W is will I following the alphabet isa star such charac- ,terization is also arbitrary instead of a a springpawl engaging the tooth of this ratchet disk and normally holding thelever V out of contact with the roller 0. There is one of these levers Vfor each character represented, or each set of contact points upon theroller 0, and there is also one spring pawl W for each lever. Whenaparticular key is depressed a lug R upon the rearward end of the keylever will strike the pawl W and this particular character will raisethe pawl and allow the spring V to, press the lever in position tocontact the contact points 11 on the roller, and as the lever V iselectrica ly con-,-

nected with one end of the cable A, and as the other end of the cable isgrounded, each time a contact point passes the lever V an impulse willbe sent over the wire, the positive and negative impulses alternating,and when the last contact S strikes the lever V, this contact beinglonger than the others, it press the lever V downward in such a positionthat the spring pawl IV can engage the tooth of the ratchet disk V andthus return the lever V to its normal position; the distance between thecontact points .upon the roller 0 will determine the different units oftime between the impulses.

. In Fig. 3, I have 'shown the simplest form of printing, X representingthe platen similar to an ordinary typewriter; X the type-bar; Y a leverprovided with an armature Y adapted to be attracted by one of themagnets K, and this lever Y is connected to the type-bar by the link Y Ihave in Fig. 4, as stated in the description of the drawing, illustrateda schedule of timerunits, by which letters of the alphabet may bedifferentiated. I have not in this schedule taken into consideration,asin practice it should be-the frequency with. which certain letters areused in telegraphing, so as to characterize these letters by theshortest time-unit. But it is obvious that, as the arrangement outlinedin Fig. 4 is onl arbitrary, the time-units between the different lettersmay be changed.

It will be noticed that one of; A h

star any other emblem maybe substituted; The reason for this characteris as'follows .To differentiate through four; impulses the differentletters and to be enabled to use the last impulse; as an impulse toreturn all receiving devices to their normal zero position, onlytwenty-seven characters could be secured, and as the numerals are notincluded in these twenty-seven characters, I have recourse to thefollowing methodz To tel'e-,

graph a numeral it is necessary to first send the impulse characterizinga star and then send at once, Without any space intervening, a letterrepresenting the numeral, for in this system each letter of the al habetrepresents a numeral equal to the position of this letter the drawingillustrated the magnets as stepby-step movements, but it is'obvious, asonly three differences in time-units are used, these time-units may betaken care of by ordinary electro-magnets working in a quick or sluggishmanner.

Having now described my invention wha I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is:

1. In submarine telegraphy the method of actuating a printing device ata receiving station, which consists in causing to be selected, throughimpulses of alike duration and intensity, following each other inunequal succession, the required printing type and causing through anadditional impulse the re ceiving mechanism to return to its normalposition.

2. In submarine printing telegraphy means to transmit impulses of thesame duration and intensity but alternately of opposite direction andmeans at the receiving station to print for each three of said impulsesreceived the desired character, in combination withmeans to return thereceiving mechanism through an additional arrived impulse to its normalcondition- 3. In submarine telegraphy means at the transmitting stationto transmit a combination of. three impulses, the impulses followingeach other in unequal succession, andv means to transmit a fourthimpulse apart from said three impulses, in combination with means at thereceiving station to select and print the desired character through saidimpulses and return the mechanismto its normal position. V

4. In printing telegraphy, a transmitting and receiving station, thetransmitting. staprint the desired character through the first namedimpulses and provided with means to return the printing mechanism to itsnormal position through the second named impulse. In testimony whereof Iafiix my signature in presence of two witnesses,

. ISIDOR 'KITSEE.

Witnesses:

ALvAn RITTENHoUsE, MARY 0. SMITH.

